The tires have worn down due to rough roads.由于路面粗糙,轮胎已经磨损了。
He wears a constant smile, even in difficult times.即使在困难时期,他也总带着微笑。
This fabric is designed to wear well over time.这种面料设计为经久耐用。
The long meeting wore me out completely.漫长的会议让我精疲力竭。
He wears a beard, which makes him look older.他留着胡子,这让他看起来更老。
词义解析
本义为“穿着、戴着”,指将衣物、饰品等附着于身体,如 wear a coat。由此引申为“留有(某种发型或胡须)”,如 wear a beard。另一重要引申为“磨损、用旧”,因长期穿着导致衣物损耗,如 The carpet has worn thin。进而引申为“耐用、经久”,表示物品能承受长期使用而不坏,如 These shoes wear well。此外,wear 还指“面露(表情)”,如 wear a smile,以及“使疲乏”,如 The responsibility wore him down。各义项间有清晰的逻辑链条:从具体的穿戴到抽象的损耗、耐用,再到表情和疲惫。
wear 在各类场景中均高频出现。日常口语中,最常用作“穿着、戴着”,语气中性,如 I wear glasses。在商务或正式场合,可指“着装规范”,如 Employees are required to wear formal attire。新闻报道中,常用来描述磨损或耐用性,如 The bridge shows signs of wear。文学作品里,wear 可引申为“面带(表情)”或“逐渐消耗”,富有表现力,如 She wore a worried look。法律文本中,wear 偶尔出现于产品责任条款,如 normal wear and tear(正常磨损)。学术写作中,wear 多用于材料科学,表示磨损现象。
语法说明
wear 作及物动词时,后接衣物、饰品、表情等名词,如 She wears a red dress。作不及物动词时,表示“耐用”或“磨损”,常与副词连用,如 This cloth wears well。常见句型包括:wear + 宾语 + 副词(wear clothes loosely)、wear out(穿破;使精疲力竭)、wear off(逐渐消失)。易错点:wear 不用于进行时表示状态,如不能说 I am wearing a coat now,而应说 I am wearing a coat(此处 wear 为状态动词,可用进行时表示当前穿着的状态,但更常见的是用一般现在时)。注意区分 wear 与 put on(穿上,强调动作)。
词义辨析
wear 强调“穿着”的状态;put on 强调“穿上”的动作,如 Put on your jacket. dress 指“给……穿衣”或“穿衣”,强调动作且常用于 dress oneself 或 be dressed in;have on 与 wear 同义,但更口语化,如 What does she have on? 此外,try on 指“试穿”。在“磨损”义上,wear 与 erode(侵蚀)相近,但 erode 多用于自然力量,如 wind and water erode rocks。表达“耐用”时,last 更常用,如 These shoes last long,而 wear well 则侧重于耐穿且不变形。
注意事项
wear 为中性词,无褒贬色彩,但在不同语境下可带感情色彩,如 wear a frown(皱眉)隐含不满。常见误用包括:将 wear 与 put on 混淆,或将 wear 用于进行时表示短暂动作(如 I am wearing my hat now 通常指当前状态,而非正在穿的动作)。此外,wear 作名词时(如 wear and tear)表示磨损,需注意与动词区分。语域上,wear 适用于所有正式程度,但口语中更常用 have on。